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SAT Practice Exam 1

Full-length  ·  timed  ·  98 questions

This is a full-length, timed practice SAT. Each section has two modules. Work steadily — the difficulty climbs as you go, and Module 2 is the tougher set. You can move between questions within a module, but once a module's time is up it locks and moves on. You may use a graphing calculator on Math; any formula you need is shown with the question. Answers and full explanations appear only at the very end.

Timing: Reading & Writing — two 32-minute modules. Then a 10-minute break. Then Math — two 35-minute modules. About 2 hours 14 minutes total.
When you press start, the timer begins.
Reading & Writing — Module 132 minutes · 27 questions
Section 1 of 2
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Q1Words in Context
Marine biologist Ana Reyes noted that the reef's recovery was far from ______; although coral cover had increased, the diversity of fish species remained well below its former level.
Which choice completes the text with the most logical and precise word or phrase?
Q2Words in Context
The committee praised the proposal's ______ structure: every section built logically on the one before it, leaving no gaps for a reader to puzzle over.
Which choice completes the text with the most logical and precise word or phrase?
Q3Words in Context
Far from being ______, the author's late novels show a writer still willing to take risks, experimenting with form in ways her early work never attempted.
Which choice completes the text with the most logical and precise word or phrase?
Q4Text Structure & Purpose
A city planner writes: 'Before we widen the avenue, consider that wider roads often invite more cars, which refill the very lanes we added. The fix can deepen the problem it was meant to solve.'
Which choice best describes the main rhetorical purpose of the text?
Q5Cross-Text Connections
Text 1: Historian Polk argues the canal's chief effect was economic, slashing shipping costs and knitting distant markets together. Text 2: Historian Vance contends the canal mattered most as a symbol of national ambition, its practical savings modest beside its effect on public confidence.
Based on the texts, how would Vance (Text 2) most likely respond to Polk's claim in Text 1?
Q6Central Ideas
Sleep researchers once assumed naps mainly relieved tiredness. Newer studies suggest naps also help the brain file away facts learned earlier in the day, strengthening memories that might otherwise fade.
Which choice best states the main idea of the text?
Q7Central Ideas
The startup's founders resisted hiring a large staff. Each new employee, they reasoned, added not just salary but meetings, hand-offs, and the friction of coordinating more people — costs that didn't appear on any budget line.
Which choice best states the main idea of the text?
Q8Command of Evidence (Textual)
A researcher claims that urban community gardens measurably cool their surrounding blocks during summer heat waves.
Which finding, if true, would most directly support the researcher's claim?
Q9Command of Evidence (Quantitative)
A survey measured weekly reading time before and after a school added a daily 20-minute reading period. Mean weekly reading rose from 95 to 138 minutes; the share reading zero minutes fell from 22% to 9%.
Which choice best uses the data to support the conclusion that the reading period increased reading?
Q10Inferences
The desert beetle harvests drinking water from fog. Bumps on its back attract tiny droplets, which slide down channels into its mouth — a system that works only when humid air drifts in from the coast at dawn.
Which choice most logically completes the text?
Q11Inferences
Archaeologists found the ancient granary's walls unusually thick and its single entrance faced away from prevailing winds. Grain stored inside showed little of the moisture damage common at other sites of the period.
Which choice most logically completes the text?
Q12Central Ideas
Translators of poetry face a dilemma: stay faithful to a poem's literal meaning and you may lose its music; preserve the music and you may bend its meaning. Every choice trades one kind of fidelity for another.
Which choice best states the main idea of the text?
Q13Command of Evidence (Textual)
A historian argues that printed pamphlets, not formal newspapers, drove the rapid spread of a 1700s political movement.
Which finding, if true, would most directly support the historian's argument?
Q14Inferences
A class of fast-charging batteries gains capacity quickly but loses it after relatively few charge cycles. Engineers favor them for devices used briefly and replaced often, rather than for products expected to last many years.
Which choice most logically completes the text?
Q15Central Ideas
A museum redesigned its galleries so visitors could choose their own path instead of following a fixed route. Attendance data showed people lingered longer and reported feeling more in control of their visit.
Which choice best states the main idea of the text?
Q16Boundaries (punctuation)
The harbor was calm at dawn ______ by noon, a sharp wind had churned the water into whitecaps.
Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English?
Q17Form, Structure & Sense
Each of the laboratory's three robotic arms ______ calibrated separately before the experiment begins.
Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English?
Q18Boundaries (punctuation)
The recipe calls for three spices ______ cumin, coriander, and smoked paprika.
Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English?
Q19Form, Structure & Sense
By the time the volunteers arrived, the storm ______ most of the seedlings they had planted the week before.
Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English?
Q20Boundaries (punctuation)
The novelist, ______ first book had sold modestly, was astonished when her second became a bestseller.
Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English?
Q21Form, Structure & Sense
Neither the manager nor the two assistants ______ aware that the shipment had already arrived.
Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English?
Q22Transitions
The bridge passed every safety inspection on schedule. ______, engineers recommended adding sensors to monitor stress in real time, arguing that periodic checks alone could miss sudden changes.
Which choice completes the text with the most logical transition?
Q23Transitions
The new policy reduced paperwork for small businesses. ______, it cut the average time to obtain a permit from six weeks to nine days.
Which choice completes the text with the most logical transition?
Q24Transitions
Solar panel prices have fallen sharply over the past decade. ______, installation and permitting costs have stayed stubbornly high, limiting how much total system prices have dropped.
Which choice completes the text with the most logical transition?
Q25Rhetorical Synthesis
Notes: • The wetland was drained in 1955 for farmland. • Restoration began in 2018. • By 2024, 40 bird species had returned. • The project cost $2 million.
The student wants to emphasize the ecological recovery of the wetland. Which choice best uses the notes to accomplish this goal?
Q26Rhetorical Synthesis
Notes: • Born 1888, died 1962. • Wrote mostly for string quartets. • Her work was ignored during her lifetime. • A 2001 recording revived interest in her music.
The student wants to emphasize the renewed attention to the composer's work. Which choice best accomplishes this goal?
Q27Transitions
Most of the volunteers had no prior carpentry experience. ______, by the end of the week they had framed two complete cabins, learning the necessary skills on site.
Which choice completes the text with the most logical transition?
Unanswered questions are not penalized.
Reading & Writing — Module 232 minutes · 27 questions
Section 1 of 2
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Q1Words in Context
The essayist's reputation for ______ was well earned: she could compress a complex argument into a single, glittering sentence that readers quoted for years afterward.
Which choice completes the text with the most logical and precise word or phrase?
Q2Words in Context
Critics initially dismissed the theory as ______, but its predictions proved so consistently accurate that even longtime skeptics came to regard it as indispensable.
Which choice completes the text with the most logical and precise word or phrase?
Q3Words in Context
Although the diplomat's remarks seemed ______ on the surface, careful listeners detected a pointed warning beneath the courteous phrasing.
Which choice completes the text with the most logical and precise word or phrase?
Q4Text Structure & Purpose
In the passage's second paragraph, the author first concedes that early electric cars were slow and short-ranged, then argues that dwelling on those flaws obscures how rapidly the technology improved once battery research accelerated.
Which choice best describes the function of the second paragraph in the text as a whole?
Q5Cross-Text Connections
Text 1: Economist Hale maintains that minimum-wage increases reliably reduce employment among the lowest-paid workers, citing standard supply-and-demand models. Text 2: Economist Ruiz counters that several large studies found no measurable employment loss after such increases, suggesting the standard models omit how higher wages reduce costly worker turnover.
Based on the texts, Ruiz would most likely argue that Hale's reasoning is flawed because it
Q6Central Ideas
The biographer resists the temptation to treat her subject's every early setback as a clue to later greatness. Lives, she insists, are lived forward and understood backward; the meaning we assign to a young failure is often a story we impose once we already know how things turned out.
Which choice best states the main idea of the text?
Q7Inferences
In low-oxygen lake sediments, organic material decays slowly, and layers accumulate in fine annual bands much like tree rings. Researchers prize such lakes because a single sediment core can record centuries of local climate without the gaps that disturbance elsewhere would introduce.
Which choice most logically completes the text?
Q8Inferences
The composer scored the film almost entirely with silence and faint ambient noise, reserving full orchestration for just three scenes. Reviewers noted that those three moments landed with unusual force — an effect, they argued, that constant music would have dulled.
Which choice most logically completes the text?
Q9Command of Evidence (Quantitative)
A study tracked two groups of seedlings: one watered on a fixed schedule, one watered only when soil sensors detected dryness. After 12 weeks, the sensor group used 38% less water yet showed a 9% higher survival rate than the fixed-schedule group.
Which choice best uses data from the text to support the claim that sensor-based watering was more efficient?
Q10Command of Evidence (Textual)
An art historian contends that a disputed painting could not have been produced in the 1480s, as some catalogs claim, but must date from at least a decade later.
Which finding, if true, would most directly support the art historian's contention?
Q11Words in Context
The senator's supposed ______ on the issue was a careful pose; in private, aides confirmed, she held views as firm as any of her colleagues'.
Which choice completes the text with the most logical and precise word or phrase?
Q12Central Ideas
Ecologists studying invasive species increasingly distinguish between presence and impact. A non-native plant may spread widely yet leave the surrounding ecosystem largely unchanged, while another, less widespread, may quietly displace the species on which local pollinators depend.
Which choice best states the main idea of the text?
Q13Text Structure & Purpose
The author opens by recounting a widely repeated anecdote about the inventor's 'overnight' breakthrough, then spends the rest of the essay tracing the decade of incremental, largely forgotten experiments that preceded it.
Which choice best describes the overall structure of the text?
Q14Inferences
Certain spiders tune their webs like instruments, adjusting thread tension so that the vibrations of trapped prey register clearly against background noise from wind. Webs built in sheltered corners, researchers found, are strung at lower tension than those exposed to steady breezes.
Which choice most logically completes the text?
Q15Cross-Text Connections
Text 1: Urban theorist Okafor argues that ground-floor shops are what make a street feel alive, drawing foot traffic that sustains a neighborhood's vitality. Text 2: Planner Brandt notes that some of the liveliest streets she has studied are residential, their energy coming from stoops, gardens, and front-porch sociability rather than commerce.
Based on the texts, how does Brandt's view (Text 2) most directly complicate Okafor's (Text 1)?
Q16Boundaries (punctuation)
The expedition faced one obstacle it had not anticipated ______ a stretch of river so choked with fallen timber that the boats had to be carried overland for miles.
Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English?
Q17Form, Structure & Sense
The findings, along with a decade of supporting data from other labs, ______ the long-held assumption that the species migrates only at night.
Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English?
Q18Boundaries (punctuation)
The architect admired three materials above all others ______ reclaimed oak, hand-poured concrete, and weathered steel ______ and built her reputation on combining them.
Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English?
Q19Form, Structure & Sense
Had the committee reviewed the budget more carefully, it ______ the shortfall before the fiscal year began.
Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English?
Q20Form, Structure & Sense
The report's authors were careful to note that their model, however sophisticated, ______ only as reliable as the assumptions fed into it.
Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English?
Q21Transitions
The vaccine trial met its enrollment target months ahead of schedule. ______, the unexpected speed created a new problem: the labs processing the samples could not keep pace with the influx.
Which choice completes the text with the most logical transition?
Q22Transitions
The museum's new lighting was designed to protect fragile pigments from fading. ______, it had to be bright enough for visitors to appreciate the paintings' detail — a balance the designers spent two years refining.
Which choice completes the text with the most logical transition?
Q23Transitions
Early reviewers complained that the novel's many narrators made it hard to follow. ______, later critics came to see that very multiplicity as the book's central achievement, arguing that no single voice could have captured the community it portrays.
Which choice completes the text with the most logical transition?
Q24Rhetorical Synthesis
Notes: • The bird's population fell to 22 individuals in 1987. • A captive-breeding program began that year. • By 2023, the wild population exceeded 350. • Critics argue the species remains vulnerable to a single disease outbreak.
The student wants to acknowledge the recovery while noting a remaining concern. Which choice best accomplishes this goal?
Q25Rhetorical Synthesis
Notes: • The dictionary took 71 years to complete. • It was the first to base definitions on real quotations. • Volunteers mailed in over 6 million quotation slips. • Several editors died before the work was finished.
The student wants to emphasize the collaborative nature of the project. Which choice best accomplishes this goal?
Q26Cross-Text Connections
Text 1: Critic Adler praises the director's habit of long, unbroken takes, arguing they immerse viewers in real time and heighten tension. Text 2: Critic Boone finds the same long takes self-indulgent, contending they call attention to the director's technique and pull viewers out of the story.
Which choice best describes the relationship between the two texts?
Q27Words in Context
The negotiator was known for her ______: where others grew heated, she stayed measured, never letting frustration leak into her voice even when talks dragged past midnight.
Which choice completes the text with the most logical and precise word or phrase?
Last Reading & Writing module — the harder set.

10-Minute Break

10:00

Stand up, stretch, get water. When you're ready, press the button to start Math — it has its own timer, so you don't have to wait the full ten minutes.

Math — Module 135 minutes · 22 questions
Section 2 of 2
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Q1Algebra — linear
If 3x − 7 = 20, what is the value of x?
Q2Algebra — linear
A taxi charges a $3.00 base fare plus $2.50 per mile. Which equation gives the cost c, in dollars, for a ride of m miles?
Q3Problem-Solving — percent
A jacket originally priced at $80 is discounted by 25%. What is the sale price?
Q4Algebra — slope
slope = (y₂ − y₁) / (x₂ − x₁)
A line passes through the points (2, 5) and (6, 13). What is the slope of the line?
Q5Advanced Math — exponents
xᵃ · xᵇ = xᵃ⁺ᵇ
Which expression is equivalent to (x³)(x⁴)?
Q6Problem-Solving — ratio
A recipe uses flour and sugar in a 5 : 2 ratio. If a baker uses 15 cups of flour, how many cups of sugar are needed?
Q7Algebra — systems
If x + y = 10 and x − y = 4, what is the value of x?
Q8Advanced Math — quadratic
What are the solutions to x² − 5x + 6 = 0?
Q9Geometry — angles
angles of a triangle sum to 180°
In a triangle, two angles measure 40° and 75°. What is the measure of the third angle?
Q10Problem-Solving — data
mean = (sum of values) / (number of values)
The values 4, 8, 10, 10, 18 represent a data set. What is the mean?
Q11Algebra — inequality
Which value of x satisfies 2x + 1 > 9?
Q12Advanced Math — function
If f(x) = 2x² − 3, what is f(4)?
Q13Geometry — area
area of rectangle = length × width
A rectangle has length 12 and width 5. What is its area?
Q14Algebra — grid-in
If 4(x − 2) = 12, what is the value of x?
Q15Problem-Solving — proportion
If 3 notebooks cost $7.50, what is the cost, in dollars, of 5 notebooks?
Q16Advanced Math — exponential
final = initial × 2ⁿ (n = number of doublings)
A population of 200 bacteria doubles every hour. How many bacteria are there after 3 hours?
Q17Geometry — circle
area of circle = πr²
A circle has radius 6. What is its area? (Use π.)
Q18Algebra — linear
If the line y = mx + 4 passes through the point (2, 10), what is the value of m?
Q19Advanced Math — factoring
a² − b² = (a + b)(a − b)
Which expression is equivalent to x² − 9?
Q20Problem-Solving — data
In a class, the ratio of students who walk to school to those who ride the bus is 3 : 4. If 28 students ride the bus, how many walk?
Q21Geometry — Pythagorean
a² + b² = c²
A right triangle has legs of length 6 and 8. What is the length of the hypotenuse?
Q22Advanced Math — function
If g(x) = x² + 2x, for what value of x does g(x) = 0 besides x = 0?
Calculator allowed. Formulas shown where needed.
Math — Module 235 minutes · 22 questions
Section 2 of 2
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Q1Advanced Math — quadratic
sum of roots = −b ; product of roots = c (for x² + bx + c)
The quadratic x² + bx + 12 has roots x = 2 and x = 6. What is the value of b?
Q2Algebra — systems
If 2x + 3y = 18 and 4x − 3y = 6, what is the value of x?
Q3Advanced Math — exponents
if bᵃ = bᶜ then a = c
If 2^(x+1) = 32, what is the value of x?
Q4Advanced Math — rational
For x ≠ 3, which expression is equivalent to (x² − 9)/(x − 3)?
Q5Algebra — linear modeling
A gym charges a one-time $50 fee plus $30 per month. After how many months does the total cost first exceed $300?
Q6Geometry — similar triangles
area ratio = (side ratio)²
Two similar triangles have corresponding sides in the ratio 3 : 5. If the smaller triangle has area 18, what is the area of the larger triangle?
Q7Advanced Math — function
vertex x = −b/(2a) for ax² + bx + c
If f(x) = x² − 4x + 1, what is the minimum value of f(x)?
Q8Advanced Math — quadratic
discriminant = b² − 4ac
How many real solutions does 2x² + 3x + 5 = 0 have?
Q9Problem-Solving — percent change
A stock rises 20% one week and then falls 20% the next. Compared with its starting price, the stock is now
Q10Algebra — absolute value
How many values of x satisfy |2x − 6| = 10?
Q11Advanced Math — exponential model
remaining = initial × (1/2)^(t / half-life)
A sample of 800 units of a substance decays so that half remains every 5 years. How much remains after 15 years?
Q12Geometry — trig
sin θ = opp/hyp, cos θ = adj/hyp, with a² + b² = c²
In a right triangle, the angle θ has opposite side 5 and hypotenuse 13. What is cos θ?
Q13Advanced Math — systems nonlinear
If y = x² and y = 2x + 3, which is a solution (x, y)?
Q14Algebra — grid-in
slope = (y₂ − y₁)/(x₂ − x₁)
The line through (1, 4) and (k, 16) has slope 4. What is the value of k?
Q15Problem-Solving — weighted average
A class of 20 students averaged 75 on a test; a second class of 30 students averaged 85. What is the combined average of all 50 students?
Q16Advanced Math — equivalent expressions
Which expression is equivalent to (3x² − 12)/3?
Q17Geometry — volume
volume of cylinder = πr²h
A cylinder has radius 3 and height 10. What is its volume? (Use π.)
Q18Advanced Math — quadratic vertex
The parabola y = (x − 4)² + 7 has its vertex at the point (h, k). What is the value of h + k?
Q19Algebra — system word problem
Adult tickets cost $12 and child tickets cost $8. A group bought 10 tickets for $104. How many adult tickets were bought?
Q20Problem-Solving — probability
P(not E) = 1 − P(E)
A bag holds 5 red, 3 blue, and 2 green marbles. If one marble is drawn at random, what is the probability it is NOT blue?
Q21Advanced Math — exponent rules
(x^(1/2))² = x
If x^(1/2) = 5, what is the value of x?
Q22Geometry — coordinate
distance = √[(x₂ − x₁)² + (y₂ − y₁)²]
What is the distance between the points (1, 2) and (4, 6)?
Last module — the harder set.

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